The Moroccanoil Curl Defining Cream product is designed to enhance your natural curls while hydrating hair. This argan oil-infused curl definer features an advanced heat-activated technology that provides a curl memory factor to fight frizz and create well-defined, natural-looking, bouncy curls that last.. Ideal for wavy & large curls.

How to use:

Apply 1–2 pumps of Moroccanoil® Curl Defining Cream 250 ml to towel-dried hair. Distribute product throughout hair and diffuse to activate and define curls. For a more relaxed curl, let hair dry naturally.

L'Oreal Professional Serie Expert Vitamino Color Conditioner nourishes color-treated hair making color last up to 8 weeks. Colored hair is 6 times shinier* and appears brighter and more radiant. Hair feels lighter, manageable and soft. Formula enriched with resveratrol, a powerful anti-oxidant for perfect salon colored hair. Protects even the most sensitive colors, preventing it from fading. Hydration and luminosity for the strands. 

Nourished strands for longer. Enriched with Resveratrol, the formula protects hair against breakage whilst maintaining shine on color treated hair for a perfect luminous result. 

How to use: After shampooing with Vitamino Color Shampoo, apply evenly on shampooed and towel-dried hair. Rinse.

*instrumental test after application of Shampoo + Conditioner

The K18 Peptide Prep Detox Shampoo is a colour-safe clarifying shampoo with skincare-inspired ingredients, and microdosed with the patented K18PEPTIDE™ to nourish hair while removing buildup for a clean, healthy hair canvas. A non stripping lather works to unclog hair follicles while banishing dirt, oils, silicones and things left behind from heavy product buildup including 99% of product buildup, 95% of sebum and a 76% copper reduction* after just 1 wash. This shampoo prepares hair for maximum K18 Molecular Repair Leave-in Treatment results. Deeply cleanses hair without being harsh on the scalp.

*results observed on bleached hair tress after 1 wash with detox shampoo

How to use: Use in place of your favourite shampoo once a week or as needed. Massage into hair and scalp to remove excess build up. Rinse thoroughly. Repeat as needed. 

HYDRATE-ME.WASH

Nourish and moisturise normal to dry hair with the Kevin Murphy Hydrate Me Wash shampoo. Rich in antioxidants, vitamins A, E and C for silky, smooth hair.

How to use: 

Apply to wet hair and massage gently through the hair and scalp. Rinse. Follow with HYDRATE-ME.RINSE.

Benefits: 

• Sulphate free
• Paraben free
• Cruelty free
• Antioxidant-rich
• Adds moisture & shine
• Packed with vitamins
• Adds smoothness

Key Ingredients: 

• Kakadu Plum helps smooth the surface of the hair to lock in essential moisture.
• Vitamin A smoothes the appearance of the hair shaft, and helps increase elasticity.
• Vitamin C is a natural source of goodness for the hair.
• Bergamot Fruit Extract assists in balancing the hair and scalp.
• Evening Primrose Oil hydrates and helps soften the hair. It contains Phospholipids that are hydrophilic, meaning they are moisture-loving and attracted to water.

The Kevin Murphy Free Hold is a medium-hold flexible styling paste designed to add natural shine. Contains essences of Bergamont and Vanilla, suitable for all hair types.

How to use: Apply FREE.HOLD to damp or dry hair.

Benefits: 

• Sulphate free, paraben free & cruelty free
• Provides flexible, medium hold
• Adds natural-looking shine
• Creates a thickening effect within the hair
• Lubricates the hair and scalp
• Delivers a glossy finish
• Ideal for all hair types
• Sulphate, paraben and cruelty-free

Wella Ultimate Repair Shampoo is a rich, creamy shampoo with a lightweight foaming formula. Step 1 of the Ultimate Repair Routine, it gently and effectively cleanses hair with a luxurious lather. It detoxifies and rebuilds heat and bleach damaged hair both inside and out, leaving it looking healthy, shiny and smooth.

Benefits:

• Suitable for daily use, Wella Ultimate Repair is the ultimate shampoo that delivers a smooth and healthy hair feel.
• Formulated with Metal Purifier technology, it helps remove impurities that can cause hair damage - metals, product build up, oils, dirt and pollution, and starts to rebuild the hair inside and out. 
• Contains Alpha-Hydroxy Acid and Omega 9: AHA rebuilds the inside strength of the hair , and Omega 9 replenishes the outside barrier or heat and bleach damaged hair.
• When used as a complete hair care routine, Wella Ultimate Repair system perfects your hair in just 90 seconds*
• Designed for those looking for the highest level of repair and a natural, healthy hair feel
• Provides holistic repair, making you look and feel legendary!
• Dermatologically tested vegan haircare, committed to no animal testing~
• Suitable for all hair types and textures: medium, oily, fine, thick, straight, wavy, curly, coily, kinky, Asian and Afro

*when using Ultimate Repair Step 3 (Miracle Hair Rescue)

~ Wella company is a member in International Collaboration on Cosmetics Safety

How to use:

Apply to wet hair, lather and rinse. Repeat as desired. For best results and healthy looking hair, use together with Step 2 (Conditioner), 3 (Miracle Hair Rescue) and 4 (Protective Leave-In Cream Serum) of the Wella Ultimate Repair Routine.

Wella Ultimate Repair Deep Conditioner has a rich, creamy texture that doesn't weigh down the hair. It detangles, strengthens and visibly repairs damaged hair, leaving it shiny and smooth. Suitable for all hair types. 

Benefits:

• Deep nourishing conditioner for different hair types that visibly repairs damaged hair 
• Powered by Alpha-Hydroxy Acid (AHA) to rebuild the inside strength of the hair
• Formulated with Omega-9 to replenish the outside barrier of the hair fibre
• Luxury professional hair repair
• Offers strength and moisture for all types of damaged hair
• Provides sumptuous moisture after just one use that lasts up to 4 washes*
• Lightweight, yet rich and creamy texture that doesn't weigh down the hair
• An ultimate hair smoothing treamtent that delivers light, shiny and healthy looking hair
• Inside and outside hair repair, that restores heat and bleach damaged hair
• Formulated without parabens
• Dermatologically tested
• Vegan haircare
• Daily routine for damaged hair, delivering perfect hair in 90 seconds**

*When using Ultimate Repair Steps 1 (Shampoo), 2 (Conditioner) and 3 (Miracle Hair Rescue)

**When using Ultimate Repair Step 3 (Miracle Hair Rescue)

How to use: Use after every wash. Apply to clean, damp hair lengths and ends. Leave on for 30 seconds to 3 minutes. Rinse thoroughly.

For ultimate results and healthy looking hair, layer your products with the Wella Ultimate Repair Routine:

• Step 1: Ultimate Repair Shampoo
• Step 2: Ultimate Repair Conditioner
• Step 3: Ultimate Repair Miracle Hair Rescue
• Step 4: Ultimate Repair Leave-in Cream Serum

Boost volume where it counts with PLUMPING.WASH. The ultimate cleanser for fuller and thicker looking hair. Specially formulated to nourish from root to tip, this body-boosting shampoo helps transform fine or aging hair into strands that feel stronger, denser, and full of renewed life and vitality.

How to use: Apply to wet hair and massage gently through the hair and scalp. Rinse. Follow with PLUMPING.RINSE.

Benefits: 

• Sulphate free
• Paraben free
• Cruelty free
• Thickens hair
• Adds softness & shine
• Creates volume
• Stimulates circulation

Key Ingredients: 

• Extracts of Ginger Root and Nettle help to strengthen and densify fine hair, leaving the scalp feeling revitalised and refreshed.
• Aloe Vera Leaf Extract packed with essential vitamins and minerals, this natural conditioning agent helps to restore sheen, lustre and shine.
• Rice Amino Acid helps condition, strengthen and expand the diameter of the hair shaft. Also helps the hair appear thicker, and adds an overall more luxurious, silky sheen.
• Bamboo Extract is a rich source of mineral nourishment, and a key ingredient to help protect the integrity of hair health.
• Silk Amino Acids help to improve hydration and draw in moisture for hair that appears more flexible, manageable and softer.
• Acai Berry Extract, known for its anti-ageing benefits, is an antioxidant packed “super-fruit” with essential vitamins to add luminous shine.

Experience indulgent hair care with the Kerastase Elixir Ultime Original Hair Oil. This lightweight, versatile formula boosts shine, tames frizz for up to 96 hours, and fortifies hair to reduce breakage. Ideal for all hair types, it smooths and softens without adding weight. Housed in an eco-friendly refillable glass bottle, this luxurious oil is not only a treat for your hair but also a step towards sustainability, making it a thoughtful choice for long-term use and waste reduction.

Benefits:

• Lightweight formula doesn't weigh hair down
• Long lasting frizz control for up to 96 hours, even in humid conditions**
• Strengthens and protects against hair breakage, so over time it feels healthier and more resilient
• Heat protection
• Eco friendly - refillable packaging
• Perfect for all hair types from fine to coarse.
• 100% more shine*
• Instant softness in just a few drops**

*instrumental test after 48H

**instrumental tests

How to use: Apply 1-2 drops of the oil to wet or dry hair focusing on mid-lengths to ends. With multiple uses, it can be used before cleansing, as a pre-blow-dry oil, or as a finishing touch for smoothness and shine throughout the day.

Showcase the beauty of grey, white or light blonde hair with L'Oreal Professional Serie Expert Silver Shampoo. The neutralizing system, enriched with magnesium and anti-yellowing agents, counteracts unwanted brassy tones. When hair is lightened, it can often throw unwanted yellow tones. The deep purple shampoo helps to neutralize these tones maintaining your blonde or white colour. Formula helps deliver toning results while nourishing and protecting the hair fiber, giving a boost of shine.

How to use: Distribute evenly through wet hair. Lather. Rinse thoroughly.

Davines OI Conditioner is a rich and buttery conditioner suitable for all hair types. Provides amazing softness, shine and body, accelerating the drying process leaving the hair scented. 

Benefits:

• Antioxidant protection from UV rays
• Nourishing
• Moisturising 
• Beauty effect
• Strong and immediate cosmetic effect
• Soft, full bodied and luminous hair.
• Persistent fragrance

How to use:

After using Davines OI Shampoo, apply evenly to damp hair from lengths to tips. Leave in for 2-3 minutes before rinsing thoroughly. Follow with Davines OI Milk or OI Oil for best results.

The Wella EIMI Just Brilliant Shine Pomade is a low hold styling pomade designed to smooth the hair whilst adding shine and reducing frizz. Formulated to protect the hair against humidity. Suitable for all hair types. Hold level – 1/4.

How to use: Distribute a small amount to the palms of your hands and apply lightly to dry hair to smooth and finish your look.

HYDRATE-ME.RINSE

Restore and replenish the hair, with the luxurious, smoothing Kevin Murphy Hydrate Me Rinse conditioner. Ideal for normal to dry hair, providing moisture, gloss and detangling prosperities from Evening primrose oil and Kakadu Plum.

How to use: 

Apply to freshly washed hair and allow the hair to absorb the benefits for 1-2 minutes, follow with a refreshing rinse. For optimal results, use after washing with HYDRATE-ME.WASH.

Benefits: 

• Sulphate free
• Paraben free
• Cruelty free
• Antioxidant-rich
• Adds moisture & shine
• Packed with vitamins
• Adds smoothness

Key Ingredients: 

• Kakadu Plum helps smooth the surface of the hair to lock in essential moisture.
• Jojoba Esters adds moisture to the hair while helping to make the hair more resilient to tangles and preventing damage and split ends.
• Shea Butter delivers moisture to dry or damaged hair from root to tip, and helps repair and protect against environmental stressors, dryness and brittleness.
• Evening Primrose Oil hydrates and helps soften the hair. It contains Phospholipids that are hydrophilic, meaning they are moisture-loving and attracted to moisture.

Davines OI Shampoo is ideal for all hair types. Infused with nourishing Roucou Oil, it is perfect for daily use. Maintain soft, shiny and voluminous hair with antioxidant action and long lasting perfume.

Benefits:

• Delicate and sensory cleansing
• Strengthens hair
• Detangles
• Soft, shiny and full bodied hair
• Persistent perfume.
• Protects against environmental damage

How to use:

Gently massage into scalp and rinse thoroughly. For best results, follow with Davines Oi Conditioner.

The Wella Professionals EIMI Mistify Me Strong Hairspray brings instant hold to your style thanks to the MICROMIST technology. Formulated with extra-fine diffusion for firm hold up to 24hrs. Hold level - 3.

How to use: Shake. Hold at arm's length and spray evenly to set the hair.

The L'Oreal Absolut Repair 10-in-1 Oil is a leave in treatment that provides 10 amazing benefits to hair. Formulated with Wheat Germ Oil. Ideal for normal to sensitized hair.

10 Benefits:

1) Nourishment

2) Resurfacing

3) Lightweight touch

4) Softness

5) Detangling

6) Conditioning

7) Manageability

8) Shine

9) Protection

10) Smoothness

How to use: Apply a small amount to towel-dried hair. Spread evenly through mid-lengths and ends. Do not rinse. Style as usual.

The Eleven Australia Miracle Hair Mask contains an antioxidant rich formula to restore and treat lost moisture. Hair is left feeling strong and hydrated.

How to use:

Apply to freshly washed, towel dried hair. Leave in for 10-15 minutes, then rinse.

Absolut Repair Shampoo offers the ultimate professional repair experience for damaged and over processed hair. 77% less surface damage and 7x shinier hair. Enriched with Wheat Protein and Gold Quinoa extract, combines intense resurfacing with a lightweight touch. Instant tailor-made hair repair. Deep hydration without weighing down the hair. More resistant, smooth, and shiny hair.

How to use: Massage into damp hair to create a lather. Rinse. Repeat if necessary and follow with Absolut Repair Conditioner, Mask, or Golden Mask.

Tip: For an optimum anti hair damage result, apply the three step Absolut Repair haircare routine including the cleansing and nourishing shampoo, the deep repairing mask and the 10-In-1 multi purpose leave in spray.

Experience indulgent hair care with the Kerastase Elixir Ultime Original Refillable Hair Oil. This lightweight, versatile formula boosts shine, tames frizz for up to 96 hours, and fortifies hair to reduce breakage. Ideal for all hair types, it smooths and softens without adding weight. Housed in an eco-friendly refillable glass bottle, this luxurious oil is not only a treat for your hair but also a step towards sustainability, making it a thoughtful choice for long-term use and waste reduction.

Benefits:

• Lightweight formula doesn't weigh hair down
• Long lasting frizz control for up to 96 hours, even in humid conditions
• Strengthens and protects against hair breakage, so over time it feels healthier and more resilient
• Eco friendly - refillable packaging
• Perfect for all hair types from fine to coarse.
• Shine and softness in just a few drops 

How to use: Apply 1-2 drops of the oil to wet or dry hair focusing on mid-lengths to ends. With multiple uses, it can be used before cleansing, as a pre-blow-dry oil, or as a finishing touch for smoothness and shine throughout the day.

How to refill: You can easily refill your bottle over and over thanks to a 3-step process

1. Unscrew your empty oil refill and separate it from the glass bottle
2. Unbox your new oil refill and plug it into the glass bottle
3. Turn the refill clockwise to lock it and recycle your empty refill by removing the pump

L'Oreal Absolut Repair Conditioner offers the ultimate professional repair experience for damaged and dry hair. The repairing conditioner visibly resurfaces damaged hair with a very light and soft touch, treats and detangles without weighing the hair down.

The hair is manageable and shinier after the treatment routine including the Absolut Repair Shampoo. The fiber is strengthened and restored thanks to the powerful superfood ingredients Quinoa and Protein. This professional formula is used and approved by hairdressers and part of their in-salon treatment in L'Oréal Professional Paris salons all around the world.

How to use: After using Absolut Repair Shampoo, apply to damp hair and massage or comb through with a wide tooth comb. Rinse. 

Schwarzkopf BC Bonacure Moisture Kick Spray Conditioner is a leave in spray conditioner, specially formulated to instantly condition and hydrate hair that is normal to dry, textured, brittle or curly. No silicones or artificial colourants. Retains optimal moisture level for hair, with a lightweight feel that lasts up to 48 hours. Can be used as a detangling spray to achieve healthy-looking, smooth hair with improved elasticity and manageability. Provides heat protection when blow-drying. Smooths hair and leaves it looking shiny. Vegan. Sustainable packaging.

How to use: Shake well. Apply 8-10 sprays onto towel dried hair in sections. Do not rinse. Style as usual. 

Discover the new Olaplex No.4-P Blonde Enhancer Toning Shampoo. This highly concentrated, sulfate-free purple shampoo cleanses, tones, and repairs while keeping hair hydrated from roots to ends. Creates a rich lather to neutralize brassiness and enhance brightness after one use for all blonde, lightened, and grey hair. 

Scientifically Proven:
3x Brighter*
*Compared to top purple shampoos

Benefits: 

• Neutralizes brassiness
• Boosts brightness
• Sulfate and paraben free
• Repairs and hydrates
• Vegan and cruelty free 
• PH balanced

All OLAPLEX® products contain their patented technology, strengthening fragile bonds with every step of the routine for the healthiest hair possible.  

How to use: 

Apply to wet hair, lather fully, and let process. Use 2-3 times per week or as often as needed to neutralize unwanted brassiness. Follow with Olaplex No.5 Bond Maintenance Conditioner for everyday moisture or Olaplex No.8 Bond Intense Moisture Mask for extra hydration.

PLUMPING.RINSE

Restore fullness and create volume with the Kevin Murphy Plumping Rinse thickening conditioner for thinning hair. Rich protein and Rice Amino Acids strengthen and expand the hair shaft to achieve a thicker and silkier look.

How to use: 

Apply to freshly washed hair and allow the hair to absorb the benefits for 1-2 minutes, follow with a refreshing rinse. Can be used daily. For optimal plumping results, use after washing with PLUMPING.WASH and finish with BODY.MASS.

Benefits: 

• Sulphate free
• Paraben free
• Cruelty free
• Adds thickness & volume
• Adds softness & shine
• Hydrating
  

Key Ingredients: 

• Rice Amino Acids help condition, strengthen and expand the diameter of the hair shaft to help hair feel thicker, with an overall more luxurious, silky sheen.
• Shea Butter delivers moisture to dry or damaged hair from root to tip, and helps repair and protect against environmental stressors, dryness and brittleness. Quickly absorbing, this naturally-good-for-you butter helps rehydrate the hair and scalp without clogging the cuticles.
• Aloe Vera Leaf Extract packed with essential vitamins and minerals, this natural conditioning agent helps to restore sheen, lustre and shine.
• Extracts of Ginger Root and Nettle help to strengthen and densify fine hair, leaving the scalp feeling revitalised and refreshed.
• Acai Berry Extract known for its anti-ageing benefits, is an antioxidant rich “super-fruit” with essential vitamins to add luminous shine.
• Bamboo Extract is a rich source of mineral nourishment and a key ingredient to help protect the integrity of hair health. Adds a natural-looking shine and lustre to the hair.
• Sugar Cane helps exfoliate and remove dead skin, oily residue and dirt from the scalp. By cleaning and unclogging the pores and follicles, new hair grows more easily, and essential nutrients are better absorbed to help stimulate and nourish the follicles. 

Matrix Total Results A Curl Can Dream Curl Preserving Defining Gel is a light hold product, infused with Manuka Honey Extract for curls and coily hair. Defines curls without leaving hair flaky, and feeling crunchy.

Benefits:

• For curls and coils
• Defining hair gel
• Layers with A Curl Can Dream Moisturising Cream
• Light Hold

Formulated Without:

• Silicones
• Parabens
• Mineral Oils
• Petrolatum
• Paraffins

How to use: After shampooing with A Curl Can Dream Shampoo and Mask, apply to hair (less for fine hair, more for thick hair). Allow to air dry or diffuse.

L'Oreal Professional Serie Expert Vitamino Color 10-1 is a professional spray, enriched in resveratrol, designed to treat all color-treated hair types and needs. Just 1 spray gives you 10 instant benefits to perfect your color result.

Benefits:

• Protection against heat up to 230°C/450°F degrees*
• Shine
• Softness
• Smoothness of hair fiber
• Detangling
• Facilitates blow-dry
• Hydration
• Anti-breakage
• Anti-split ends
• Anti-frizz

This multi-purpose spray can be used before the cut, before blow-drying on towel-dried and damp hair or in touching up on dry hair for ultimate colour protection. Protects even the most sensitive colors, preventing it from fading. Hydration and luminosity for the strands. Nutrition: Nourished strands for longer.

How to use: Spray on clean, damp hair or dry hair. Style. Do not rinse.

*instrumental test

With the Serie Expert Vitamino Color Multi-benefit leave in treatment: Hair is 94%* more resistant to breakage, 2,9x more nourished and split ends are reduced. Heat protection up to 230°C/450°F*. *Instrumental test. 

K18 Damage Shield Conditioner is a nourishing, protective conditioner that helps shield hair from daily damage to help maintain hair health and improve smoothness and shine. Engineered to weightlessly soften and detangle while the K18PEPTIDE™ helps replenish hair during washing.

Clinically proven to provide conditioning protection against damage from UV rays, mechanical styling, and environmental aggressors for up to 3 days*. Fortifies, softens, and detangles hair.

• Defends against damage: Conditioning protection against damage from UV rays, environmental aggressors, and daily mechanical styling for up to 3 days
• Maintains hair health: Fortifies hair’s exterior lipid barriers to make hair more resilient and resistant to damage. K18PEPTIDE™ replenishes protein lost during washing.
• Enhances hair’s natural shine: pH-optimised formula minimises excess cuticle swelling during washing to help keep hair smooth and maximise shine.
• Softens, smooths, and detangles: Without film-forming silicones or waxes that can build up over time and weigh hair down.

How to use: Apply a small amount of K18 Damage Shield Protective Conditioner from mid-lengths to ends and build as needed. Rinse thoroughly. For best results, use after shampooing with K18 Damage Shield Shampoo.

*Clinically proven to provide conditioning protection against damage from UV rays, mechanical styling, and environmental aggressors for up to 3 days¹

Introducing the new and improved NAK Signature Blonde Plus 10V Toning Foam. The Signature collection combines equal doses of expertise and quality ingredients to create elevated haircare essentials. NAK's sleek, modern packaging gives your favourites a stylish update, combining salon-quality innovation with ingredients that go further. 

The NAK Signature Formula: A semi-permanent toning foam to keep your blonde cool. Designed for: Refreshing all naturally blonde, lightened or grey hair by managing stubborn yellow, gold, or brassy tones. The Best Part: Keeps your hair’s cool factor dialed up with cool tones and pastel reflects that last for 4 to 6 washes.

Benefits:

• Refreshing all naturally blonde, lightened or grey hair by managing stubborn yellow, gold, or brassy tones.
• Keeps your hair’s cool factor dialled up with cool tones and pastel reflects that last for 4 to 6 washes.

Key Ingredients:

• Softening Emollients - Provides crème foam conditioning base for optimum application and absorption.
• Vitamin B5 - A deep-conditioning B group vitamin which protects hair and skin from dehydration and moisture loss.
• Anti-Yellow Toning Actives - A blend of pale Violet pigments which provide sheer tone to softly control yellow.
• Benzophenone-4 - A specialised UV filter which screens harsh light, protecting hair from colour fade and environmental factors.

How to use: Shampoo and towel-dry hair. Wear gloves (as foam may stain hands). Shake can, point applicator down and press nozzle, disperse foam to cover palm of hand. Distribute adequate amount of foam throughout the hair using a wide tooth comb. Leave in for 5 to 30 minutes (deeper tonal values will result if left on longer). Rinse thoroughly. Style as normal.

The K18 Damage Shield Shampoo is a cleansing shampoo microdosed with the patented K18PEPTIDE™. Powerful yet non-stripping formula is designed with an optimised pH that is safe enough for everyday use, helping to reduce excess swelling of the hair cuticle during washing to help prevent frizz, preserve colour and enhance shine. A non-stripping lather deeply cleanses hair and scalp. Colour safe formula deeply cleanses hair while being gentle on the scalp. Dermatologist tested. 

How to use: Can be used daily. Massage into hair and scalp. Rinse thoroughly. Repeat as needed. 

Previously known as Peptide Prep pH Maintenance Shampoo. Same formula - new name.

The L'Oreal Professional Tecni Art Fix Design is a strong hold, non aerosol spray with a pump action for accuracy. Provides a natural looking shiny finish. Suitable for all hair types.

How to use: Pump the spray approximately 15cm away from the hair, to ensure even coverage, spray from the root to the tip to create a thicker diameter on each strand.

NIGHT.RIDER

Increase shine, prevent hair breakage and deliver rough, matte texture to enhance short or choppy looks with the Kevin Murphy Night Rider.

How to use: Rub a small amount between your palms and distribute evenly through damp or dry hair.

Benefits: 

• Sulphate, paraben & cruelty free
• Strong hold
• Delivers a rough, matte texture
• Helps seal in moisture
• Boosts shine
• Ideal for all hair desiring texture and separation